圭亞那將成為新的全球石油大國(guó)

據(jù)油氣新聞3月9日消息稱，圭亞那作為世界上最新的主要石油生產(chǎn)國(guó)處于獨(dú)特的地位。其它依賴石油和天然氣的產(chǎn)油國(guó)正在考慮能源轉(zhuǎn)型對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)構(gòu)成的威脅。

圭亞那的石油剛剛開始商業(yè)化，有望改變?cè)搰?guó)的財(cái)富。

圭亞那的油田是巨大的。?？松梨诩捌浜献骰锇楹账购椭泻Ｓ陀诮衲暝缧r(shí)候?qū)ⅫS金斯塔布魯克區(qū)塊的儲(chǔ)量提高了25%。我們的分析模型顯示大約60億桶石油。首次生產(chǎn)是在2019年12月完成的，僅僅是在最初發(fā)現(xiàn)的5年后。到2028年，這一分階段的開發(fā)將使日產(chǎn)量超過(guò)110萬(wàn)桶，圭亞那將成為石油歷史上第11個(gè)達(dá)到百萬(wàn)桶/天里程碑的國(guó)家。

這些石油大多是輕質(zhì)油，滿足了市場(chǎng)對(duì)相對(duì)低碳強(qiáng)度液體日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。

巨大的油田將為這個(gè)僅有80萬(wàn)人口的國(guó)家?guī)?lái)無(wú)數(shù)的財(cái)富。隨著產(chǎn)量的增加，圭亞那將崛起為石油大國(guó)。人均產(chǎn)量甚至將超過(guò)中東主要產(chǎn)油國(guó)——科威特、阿聯(lián)酋和沙特阿拉伯。

該國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)將發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。在此十年中，該項(xiàng)目的年度資本支出平均每年將達(dá)到40億美元，相當(dāng)于2019年的國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值。大部分資金將用于圭亞那以外的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備，但相當(dāng)大的投資將流入陸上和海上的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，以支持不斷發(fā)展的石油工業(yè)。

曹海斌 摘譯自 油氣新聞

原文如下：

Guyana: Global Oil’s New King Of The Heap

Guyana is in a unique position as the world’s newest major oil producer. Other oil- and gas-dependent producers are contemplating the threat posed by the energy transition to their economy.

Guyana’s oil, only just being commercialized, promises to transform the nation’s wealth.

Guyana’s oil fields are prodigious. ExxonMobil and its partners, Hess and CNOOC Ltd, upgraded reserves on the golden Stabroek block by 25% earlier this year. Our analysis models almost 6 billion barrels of oil. First production was achieved in December 2019, only five years after the initial discovery. The phased development will lift output to over 1.1 million barrels per day (b/d) by 2028, and Guyana will become just the 11th nation in oil’s history to reach the million b/d milestone.

These barrels are mostly light, meeting the market’s increasing need for relatively low-carbon-intensity liquids.

The giant oil fields will deliver untold riches to this nation of only 800,000 people. Guyana will, as output builds, rise to be king of the heap. Production per capita will eclipse even that of the leading Middle East producers, Kuwait, UAE and Saudi Arabia.

The country’s economy will be transformed. Annual capital expenditure on the project will average U.S.$4 billion a year this decade – the same as 2019 GDP. Much will be spent on production equipment outside Guyana, but considerable investment will flow into infrastructure onshore and offshore to support the growing oil industry.